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Abies pindrow
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Abies pindrow, the pindrow fir, West Himalayan fir, or silver fir, is a native to the western and adjacent mountains, from northeast east through northern and to central .


Description
It is a large tree growing to tall, and with a trunk diameter of up to . It has a conical crown with level branches. The shoots are greyish-pink to buff-brown, smooth and glabrous (hairless). The are needle-like, among the longest of any fir, long, flattened in cross-section, glossy dark green above, with two whitish bands on the underside; they are arranged spirally on the shoots, but twisted at the base to lie in a flat plane either side of the shoot. The are broad cylindric-conic, long and broad, dark purple when young, disintegrating when mature to release the 5–7 months after pollination.

The closely related Gamble's fir occurs in the same area but on somewhat drier sites; it differs in shorter leaves 2–4 cm long with less obvious stomatal bands and arranged more radially round the shoot. The cones are very similar.

Recent research, however, has shown that is not related to Abies pindrow. At West locations in state in visited by members of the Dendrological Atlas team, at around 3000 m the latter species is replaced by Abies gamblei, showing no intermediate forms. Such areas included and the upper at elevations between 3000 and 3400 m where these species have morphologically and ecologically clearly separated. Elevation-wise, pindrow fir occurs between (although mostly between 2400 and 3000 m) and Abies gamblei from . Some references of naming (in error) " Abies spectabilis" in the western Himalayas, most probably are true for Abies gamblei, but to confirm this would require further research.

(2025). 9789632190617, DendroPress. .


Distribution and habitat
Abies pindrow grows at altitudes of in forests together with , and Pinus wallichiana typically occupying cooler, moister north-facing slopes.


Uses
The pindrow fir is used to a small extent for in its native range. It is occasionally grown as an ornamental tree in large in western , but demands high humidity and rainfall to grow well. The name pindrow derives from the tree's name in .


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